Cromolyn, Nedrocomil, and Antihistamines

Cromolyn and Nedocromil
Cromolyn (Intal®) and nedocromil (Tilade®) are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. These medications appear to work on inflammatory cells in the lung to prevent the release of histamine and other chemicals that lead to an asthma episode and airway inflammation. Thus, cromolyn and nedocromil help prevent or reduce the severity of asthma attacks. They also help prevent exercise-induced attacks. However, they won't stop an attack that has already started. Also, the anti-inflammatory effect of these drugs may be less than the effect of inhaled steroids, and therefore, they may be less effective.

Cromolyn and nedocromil must be inhaled, and work most effectively when used on a daily basis. They are available in a metered does inhaler form (puffer). Cromolyn also comes as a liquid solution in ampules to be used with an aerosol nebulizer. One advantage of these drugs is their relative lack of side effects. Throat dryness or irritation, bad taste in the mouth, cough, and nausea are possible but rare side effects.

Antihistamines
Allergens are one type of asthma trigger. The substances that some people with asthma, but not all, are allergic to, include animals, house dust, mold and pollen. This allergy causes the release of histamine by lung cells, resulting in airway swelling and inflammation. Antihistamine medications can help relieve allergy symptoms by blocking the effect of histamine. However, because histamine is only one of many inflammatory substances involved in asthma, they alone will not control asthma.

Antihistamine medications are produced as pill or syrup. Common side effects are sleepiness, fatigue, dry mouth, headache, pharyngitis, and abdominal pain.